Amaketanga e-roller noma amaketanga ahamba nge-roller asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezehlukene zemishini yasendlini, yezimboni neyezolimo njengezihambisi, imishini yokudweba ngocingo, imishini yokunyathelisa, izimoto, izithuthuthu, njll. Kuwuhlobo lokushayela olusetshenziswayo. ibhayisikili. Iqukethe uchungechunge lwama-cylindrical rollers amafushane abanjwe ndawonye ngezixhumanisi eziseceleni. Ishayelwa ngamagiya abizwa ngama-sprockets. Kuyindlela elula, ethembekile nephumelelayo yokudlulisa ugesi. Umdwebo wekhulu le-16 kaLeonardo da Vinci ubonisa uchungechunge olunama-roller bearings. Ngo-1800, u-James Fassel wagunyaza i-roller chain eyenza i-counterbalance lock, futhi ngo-1880, u-Hans Reynold wagunyaza i-Bush roller chain.
Bekezela
Amaketanga ama-Bush roller anezinhlobo ezimbili zezixhumanisi ezihlelwe ngokushintshana. Uhlobo lokuqala isixhumanisi sangaphakathi, lapho amapuleti amabili angaphakathi abanjwe ndawonye ngemikhono emibili noma ama-bushings ajikeleza ama-roller amabili. Izixhumanisi zangaphakathi ziyashintshana ngohlobo lwesibili lwesixhumanisi sangaphandle, esihlanganisa amapuleti angaphandle amabili ahlanganiswe amaphini adlula ezihlahleni zezixhumanisi zangaphakathi. Amaketango e-roller “angenasihlahla” akhiwe ngendlela ehlukile kodwa asebenza ngokufanayo. Esikhundleni sezihlahla ezihlukene noma imikhono ebambe amaphaneli angaphakathi ndawonye, amaphaneli agxivizwa ngamashubhu aphuma emigodini futhi afeze injongo efanayo. Lokhu kunenzuzo yokuqeda isinyathelo sokuhlangana kweketango. I-roller chain design inciphisa ukungqubuzana, okwandisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kunciphisa ukuguga uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo elula. Iketango lokushayela langempela lalingenawo ama-roller noma ama-bushings, futhi kokubili amapuleti angaphakathi nangaphandle ayebanjwe ndawonye ngezikhonkwane ezazithintana ngokuqondile namazinyo e-sprocket. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu kumisa ngithole ukuthi amazinyo e-sprocket kanye nepuleti lapho amazinyo e-sprocket ephenduka aguga ngokushesha okukhulu. Le nkinga yaxazululwa ngokwengxenye ngokuthuthukiswa kwamaketanga emikhono, lapho izikhonkwane ezibambe amapuleti angaphandle zidlula emahlathini noma emikhonweni ehlanganisa amapuleti angaphakathi. Lokhu kusabalalisa ukuguga endaweni ebanzi. Kodwa-ke, amazinyo e-sprocket asagqoke ngokushesha kunalokho obekulindelwe ngenxa yokuslayida kwama-bushings. Ama-roller angeziwe azungeze umkhono we-chain bushing ahlinzeka ngokuzungeza amazinyo e-sprocket futhi anikeze ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka ku-sprocket neketango. Uma nje iketanga ligcotshwe kahle, ukungqubuzana kuphansi kakhulu. Ukugcotshwa okuqhubekayo okuhlanzekile kwamaketanga e-roller kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle nokushuba okulungile.
ukugcoba
Amaketanga amaningi okushayela (njengamadrayivu e-camshaft emishini yasefekthri nezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi) asebenza ezindaweni ezihlanzekile ukuze izindawo ezigqokelwe kuzo (okungukuthi izikhonkwane nama-bushings) zingathintwa yintlenga ehleli futhi emisiwe, futhi eziningi ziyizindawo ezivaliwe. Isibonelo, amanye ama-roller. amaketango ane-O-ring eyakhelwe ngaphakathi phakathi kwepuleti lesixhumanisi sangaphandle kanye ne-roller chain plate. Abakhiqizi bamaketango baqala ukwamukela lesi sici ngemva kokuba uJoseph Montano, owayesebenzela iWhitney Chain eHartford, Connecticut, esungula lolu hlelo lokusebenza ngo-1971. Ama-O-rings aqalwa njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukugcotshwa kwezixhumanisi zamaketango okudlulisa amandla, okubalulekile ekwandiseni ukuphila kweketango. . Lezi zigcina zenjoloba zakha umgoqo ogcina amafutha afakwe efekthri ngaphakathi kwezindawo ezigugile zephini kanye ne-bushing. Ukwengeza, ama-O-rings erabha avimbela uthuli nokunye ukungcola ekungeneni kwamalunga eketango. Uma kungenjalo, izinhlayiya ezinjalo zingabangela ukugqoka okunzima. Kunamaketango amaningi okufanele asebenze ezimeni ezingcolile futhi angeke avalwe ngenxa yobukhulu noma izizathu zokusebenza. Izibonelo zifaka amaketanga asetshenziswa emishinini yasepulazini, amabhayisikili, namasaha. Lawa maketango anezinga eliphezulu lokuguga uma kuqhathaniswa. Izithambisi eziningi ezisekelwe kuwoyela ziheha uthuli nezinye izinhlayiya, ekugcineni zenze ukunamathisela okunameka okwandisa ukuguga kwamaketango. Le nkinga ingadanjiswa ngokusebenzisa isifutho “somile” se-PTFE. Yakha ifilimu eqinile ngemva kokufaka isicelo evimbela kokubili izinhlayiya nomswakama.
Isithuthuthu chain lubrication
Sebenzisa ukugeza uwoyela ngeketango elihamba ngesivinini esilingana nemoto enamasondo amabili. Lokhu akwenzeki ezithuthuthuni zesimanje, futhi amaketango amaningi ezithuthuthu agijima angavikelekile. Ngakho-ke, amaketanga ezithuthuthu avame ukuguga ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa nokunye ukusetshenziswa. Zibhekana namandla amakhulu futhi zichayeke emvuleni, udaka, isihlabathi nosawoti womgwaqo. Iketango lebhayisikili liyingxenye ye-drivetrain edlulisa amandla ukusuka emoteni ukuya esondweni elingemuva. Iketango eligcotshwe kahle lingafinyelela ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela okungaphezulu kwama-98%. Iketango elingagcotshiwe lizonciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza futhi likhulise ukugqokwa kweketango kanye ne-sprocket. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamafutha ezithuthuthu ze-aftermarket chain lubricant ezitholakalayo: izithambisi zokufutha kanye nezinhlelo zokudonsa. Izithambisi zokufutha zingaqukatha i-wax noma i-Teflon. Lezi zinto zokugcoba zisebenzisa izithasiselo ezinamathelayo ukuze zinamathele kuketango lakho, kodwa futhi zidala ukunamathisela okulimazayo okudonsa ukungcola nohlaza emgwaqeni futhi kusheshise ukuguga kwezingxenye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Gcoba njalo iketango ngokuconsa amafutha, usebenzisa amafutha alula anganamatheli kuketango. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi amasistimu okuphakelwa kukawoyela we-drip ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuphezulu kokugqoka nokonga okukhulu kwamandla.
Okuhlukile
Uma iketango lingasetshenziselwa izicelo zokugqoka okuphezulu (isibonelo, ukumane udlulise ukunyakaza kusuka ku-lever yesandla kuya ku-shaft yokulawula yomshini, noma umnyango oshelelayo kuhhavini), uhlobo olulula lusetshenziswa. Iketango lisangasetshenziswa. Ngokuphambene, iketango lingase "liqhume" lapho kudingeka amandla engeziwe, kodwa lidinga ukushayelwa kahle ngezikhathi ezincane. Esikhundleni sokubeka imigqa emi-2 kuphela yamapuleti ngaphandle kweketango, kungenzeka ukuthi ubeke u-3 (“kabili”), 4 (“kathathu”) noma imigqa eminingi yamapuleti ahambisanayo, anezihlahlana phakathi kwamapheya aseduze nama-roller. Amazinyo anenombolo efanayo yemigqa ahlelwa ngokuhambisana futhi ahlanganiswe ku-sprocket. Isibonelo, uchungechunge lwesikhathi lwenjini yemoto ngokuvamile luba nemigqa eminingi yamapuleti abizwa ngamaketango. Amaketango amarola afika ngosayizi abahlukahlukene, amazinga ajwayelekile e-American National Standards Institute (ANSI) angu-40, 50, 60, kanye no-80. Inombolo yokuqala ikhombisa isikhala seketango ngama-intshi angu-8, futhi inombolo yokugcina ithi 0. 1 iketango elivamile, 1 iketango elingasindi, futhi 5 iketango lomkhono ngaphandle kwamarola. Ngakho-ke iketango eline-pitch engu-0.5 inch lingusayizi 40 sprocket, kuyilapho usayizi we-sprocket 160 unama-intshi angu-2 phakathi kwamazinyo, njalonjalo. I-Metric thread pitch ivezwa ngezingxenye eziyishumi nesithupha zamayintshi. Ngakho-ke, i-Metric No. 8 chain (08B-1) ilingana ne-ANSI No. 40. Amaketanga amaningi e-roller enziwa nge-plain carbon noma i-alloy steel, kodwa insimbi engagqwali isetshenziswa emishinini yokucubungula ukudla nakwezinye izindawo lapho ukuthambisa kuyinkinga. , ngezinye izikhathi sibona inayiloni nethusi ngesizathu esifanayo. Amaketanga e-roller ngokuvamile axhunywe kusetshenziswa izixhumanisi eziyinhloko (ezibizwa nangokuthi "izixhumanisi zokuxhuma"). Lesi sixhumanisi esiyinhloko sivamise ukuba nephinikhodi ebanjwe isiqeshana sesicathulo sehhashi kunokuba silingane futhi singafakwa noma sikhishwe ngethuluzi elilula. Amaketanga anezixhumanisi ezikhiphekayo noma izikhonkwane abizwa nangokuthi amaketanga ahlukanisekayo aguquguqukayo. Izixhumanisi eziyisigamu (ezibizwa nangokuthi "ama-offsets") ziyatholakala futhi zisetshenziselwa ukwandisa ubude beketanga ngerola eyodwa. I-Riveted Roller Chains Iziphetho zezixhumanisi eziyinhloko (ezibizwa nangokuthi "izixhumanisi zokuxhuma") "zi-riveted" noma zichotshoziwe. Lezi zikhonkwane ziqinile futhi azikwazi ukususwa.
isiqeshana sehhashi
I-horseshoe clamp iyinsimbi yasentwasahlobo emise okuka-U esetshenziselwa ukuvikela amapuleti aseceleni esixhumanisi sokuxhuma (noma "esiyinhloko") ebesidingeka ngaphambilini ukuze kuqedelwe isixhumanisi seketango le-roller. Indlela ye-clamp ayisebenzi kahle njengoba amaketanga engeziwe enziwa abe amaluphu angapheli angahloselwe ukunakekelwa. Izithuthuthu zesimanje zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngamaketanga angapheli, kodwa kuya ngokuya kungavamile ukuba iketango liguge futhi lidinga ukushintshwa. Itholakala njengengxenye eyisipele. Ukuguqulwa kokumiswa kwezithuthuthu kuvame ukunciphisa lokhu kusetshenziswa. Ivamise ukutholakala ezithuthuthwini ezindala kanye namabhayisikili amadala (njengalawo anamagiya ehabhu), le ndlela yokuqinisa ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa emabhayisikili anamagiya e-derailleur njengoba izinsimbi zivame ukubhajwa ku-shifter. Ezimweni eziningi, iketango elingapheli lilungiswa kuhlaka lomshini futhi alikwazi ukushintshwa kalula (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kumabhayisikili endabuko). Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, izixhumanisi zokuhlanganisa zisebenzisa izinsimbi zehhashi kungase kungasebenzi noma kukhethwe uhlelo lokusebenza. Kulokhu, "isixhumanisi esithambile" sisetshenziswa, esithembela kuphela ekungqubuzaneni kusetshenziswa umshini we-chain riveting. Kusetshenziswa izinto zakamuva, amathuluzi, namasu anamakhono, lokhu kulungisa kuwukulungisa okuhlala njalo okucishe kuqine futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside njengeketango elinganqamuki.
sebenzisa
Amaketango e-roller asetshenziswa kumadrayivu esivinini aphansi kuya kwamaphakathi anesivinini esingamafithi angama-600 kuye kwangama-800 ngomzuzu. Kodwa-ke, ngesivinini esikhulu, cishe i-2,000 kuya ku-3,000 izinyawo ngomzuzu, ama-V-belts avame ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yezinkinga zokugqoka nomsindo. Iketango lebhayisikili liwuhlobo lweketango le-roller. Iketango lakho lebhayisikili lingase libe nesixhumanisi esiyinhloko, noma lingadinga ithuluzi leketanga ukususa nokulifaka. Izithuthuthu eziningi zisebenzisa iketango elifanayo, elikhudlwana, elinamandla, kodwa lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kushintshwa ngebhande elinamazinyo noma i-shaft drive ekhiqiza umsindo omncane futhi edinga ukulungiswa okuncane. Ezinye izinjini zezimoto zisebenzisa amaketanga e-roller ukushayela ama-camshafts. Amadrayivu amagiya avame ukusetshenziswa ezinjinini ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi abanye abakhiqizi basebenzise amabhande anamazinyo kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1960. Amaketanga abuye asetshenziswe kuma-forklift asebenzisa izinqama ze-hydraulic njengama-pulleys ukuphakamisa nokwehlisa iloli. Kodwa-ke, la maketango awabhekwa njengamaketanga e-roller kodwa ahlukaniswa njengamaketanga okuphakamisa noma amaketanga amapuleti. Amaketango okusika ama-Chainsaw ayafana nje namaketanga e-roller kodwa ahlobene kakhulu namaketango amaqabunga. Ashayelwa izixhumanisi zokushayela eziphumela ngaphandle futhi asebenze nokubeka iketango kubha. Mhlawumbe ngendlela engavamile isebenzisa amaketango ezithuthuthu, i-Harrier Jumpjet isebenzisa iketango lokushayela elisuka kusithuthuthu somoya ukuze izungeleze umbhobho wenjini ogudlukayo okhomba phansi ukuze uzulazule futhi ubheke emuva ngendlela evamile engingakwazi ngayo. Indiza eya phambili, isistimu ebizwa ngokuthi “i-thrust vectoring.
gqoka
Umthelela wokugqokwa kwe-roller chain ukukhulisa ukuphakama (ibanga phakathi kwezixhumanisi) nokwelula iketango. Qaphela ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokuguga kwephinikhodi ye-pivot kanye ne-bushing, hhayi ukunwebeka kwangempela kwensimbi (okwenzeka kwezinye izingxenye zensimbi eziguquguqukayo, njengezintambo zebhuleki lesandla lemoto). like). Ngamaketango esimanje, akuvamile ukuthi iketango (elingelona ibhayisikili) ligqoke lize lihluleke. Njengoba iketango liguga, amazinyo e-sprocket aqala ukuguga ngokushesha futhi agcine ephuka, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwawo wonke amazinyo e-sprocket. Amazinyo e-Sprocket. I-sprocket (ikakhulukazi encane yama-sprockets amabili) inyakaza okudala isimo sehuku lesici endaweni eqhutshwayo yamazinyo. (Lo mphumela wenziwa waba mubi kakhulu ukungezwani kweketango okungafanele, kodwa akunakugwenywa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha ezithathwayo). Amazinyo agugile (namaketango) ngeke akwazi ukudlulisa amandla ngokushelela, okuzobonakala emsindweni, ukudlidliza, noma (esimeni sezinjini zezimoto ezinamaketanga esikhathi) izinguquko esikhathini sokubasa esibonwa ngesibani sesikhathi. Iketango elisha ku-sprocket eligugile ngeke lihlale isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kulokhu kokubili i-sprocket neketango kuyodingeka kushintshwe. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungagcina ama-sprockets amakhulu kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-sprockets amancane ahlala egqoke kakhulu. Amaketanga ngokuvamile aphuma kuphela kuma-sprocket ezindaweni ezilula kakhulu (njengamabhayisikili) noma ezimeni ezidlulele zokungezwani okunganele. Ukwelulwa kweketango lokugqoka kubalwa ngokwefomula elandelayo: % = ( ( M. − ( S. )＊ P. )) / ( S.＊ P. ) ) ＊ 100 {\displaystyle \%=((M-(S) *P ))/(S*P))*100} M = Ubude benombolo yezixhumanisi ezilinganisiwe S = Inani lezixhumanisi ezilinganisiwe P = Iphimbo Kuvamile embonini ukuqapha ukunyakaza kwe-chain tensioner (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenziwa ngesandla noma kuyazenzakalela) kanye nokunemba kweketango lokushayela Ubude (umthetho wesithupha uwukwelula ama-roller ngo-3% kudrayivu elungisekayo ukuze kushintshwe iketango noma ukwelula iketango le-roller ngo-1.5%). % (kudrayivu ephakathi nendawo). Indlela elula, elungele ikakhulukazi abasebenzisi bamabhayisikili nezithuthuthu, iwukudonsa iketango kuma-sprocket amabili amakhulu lapho iketango liqinile. Ukunyakaza okubalulekile (okubonakala ngezikhala, njll.) kungase kubonise ukuthi iketango selifinyelele noma leqe umkhawulo walo wokugcina wokuguga. Ukuziba le nkinga kungalimaza i-sprocket. Ukugqokwa kwe-Sprocket kungamelana nalo mphumela kanye nokugqokwa kweketango lemaski.
Ukugqokwa kweketango lamabhayisikili
Amaketanga alula emabhayisikili anamagiya e-derailleur angaphuka ngenxa yokuthi iphinikhodi yangaphakathi inomumo womgqomo esikhundleni se-cylindrical (noma kunalokho, ku-side plate, njengoba "i-riveting" ngokuvamile iqala ukwehluleka). kungase kuphume). Ukuthintana phakathi kwephini kanye ne-bushing kuyiphuzu esikhundleni somugqa ojwayelekile, okwenza iphinikhodi yeketango idlule esihlahleni futhi ekugcineni i-roller, ekugcineni ibangele ukuphuka kweketango. Lesi sakhiwo siyadingeka ngoba isenzo esishintshayo salokhu kudluliswa kudinga ukuthi iketango ligobe futhi lisonte emaceleni, kodwa kungenxa yokuguquguquka kanye nenkululeko ende yeketanga elincanyana elinjalo ngebhayisikili. ubude bungenzeka. Ukuhluleka kweketango akuyona inkinga kumasistimu wegiya lehabhu (isivinini se-Bendix 2, i-Sturmey-Archer AW, njll.) ngoba indawo egugile lapho ixhumene namaphinikhodi ahambisanayo inkulu kakhulu. I-hub gear system iphinde ivumele indlu ephelele, esiza kakhulu ekugcobeni nasekuvikeleni isihlabathi.
Amandla eketango
Isilinganiso esivame kakhulu samandla e-roller chain amandla aqinile. Amandla okuqina akhombisa inani lomthwalo owodwa iketango elingamelana nawo ngaphambi kokuphuka. Amandla okukhathala kweketango abaluleke njengamandla aqinile. Izici ezibalulekile ezithinta amandla okukhathala kweketango yikhwalithi yensimbi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza iketango, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwezingxenye zamaketanga, ikhwalithi yokucubungula imbobo ye-findo le-chain plate, uhlobo lokudubula kanye namandla shot peening enamathela. ebhodini lokuxhumanisa. Ezinye izici zingabandakanya ukujiya kwe-chain plate kanye ne-chain plate design (iphrofayili). Kumaketango e-roller asebenza kumadrayivu aqhubekayo, umthetho wesithupha ukuthi umthwalo oseketangoni akufanele udlule u-1/6 noma u-1/9 wamandla aqinile eketango, kuye ngohlobo lwesixhumanisi esiyinhloko esisetshenzisiwe (cindezela-fit noma slip- phezu). kufanele ilingane). Amaketanga e-roller asebenza kumadrayivu aqhubekayo ngaphezu kwalezi zisekelo angakwazi, futhi ngokuvamile, ahluleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuhluleka kokukhathala kwama-chain plate. Amandla amancane ajwayelekile ajwayelekile amaketango ensimbi e-ANSI 29.1 ngu-12,500 x (iphimbo ngamayintshi)2. Amaketanga e-X-ring kanye ne-O-ring afaka izinto zokugcoba zangaphakathi ezinciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuguga nokwandisa ukuphila kweketango. I-lubricant yangaphakathi ijovwa nge-vacuum lapho i-riveting iketango.
chain standard
Izinhlangano zamazinga ezifana ne-ANSI ne-ISO zigcina izindinganiso zokwakheka kochungechunge lwedrayivu, ubukhulu, nokushintshashintsha. Isibonelo, ithebula elingezansi libonisa idatha evela ku-ANSI Standard B29.1-2011 (Precision Roller Chains, Accessories, and Sprockets) ethuthukiswe yi-American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Bona Izinsiza ukuze uthole imininingwane. Ukukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule, nali elinye ishadi lobukhulu obuyinhloko (ngamayintshi) lezinga elifanayo (okuyingxenye yalokho okucabangelayo lapho ukhetha izinombolo ezituswa izinga le-ANSI): Iketango lebhayisikili elijwayelekile (kumagiya e-derailleur ) Sebenzisa u-1 omncane / 2 intshi pitch chain. Ububanzi bochungechunge buyahlukahluka ngaphandle kokuthikameza umthamo wokulayisha. Uma unama-sprocket amaningi esondweni elingemuva (ebelikade lingu-3-6, manje selingu-7-12), liyancipha iketango. Amaketango athengiswa ngokusekelwe enanini lesivinini aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaso, “njengeketango lamasivinini angu-10.” Igiya lehabhu noma amabhayisikili esivinini esisodwa asebenzisa iketango elingu-1/2 x 1/8 intshi. I-intshi engu-1/8 ibhekisela kubukhulu obukhulu be-sprocket obungasetshenziswa kuketango. Amaketango anezixhumanisi ezihambisanayo ngokuvamile anenani elilinganayo lezixhumanisi, isixhumanisi ngasinye esiwumngcingo silandelwa isixhumanisi esibanzi. Amaketanga enziwe ngezixhumanisi ezifanayo eziwumngcingo komunye umkhawulo futhi ububanzi komunye zingenziwa ngenombolo eyinqaba yezixhumanisi, okunenzuzo yokufaka amabanga akhethekile we-sprocket. Phakathi kokunye, amaketanga anjalo avame ukungabi namandla. Amaketanga e-roller akhiqizwa amazinga e-ISO kwesinye isikhathi abizwa ngokuthi “ama-isochains”.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-06-2023
