1: Nibihe bintu bitera kunanirwa kunanirwa?
Abantu benshi bazi ko urunigi rushobora kugira uruhare mu kwanduza, ariko urunigi akenshi rurananirana, bityo uwakoze urunigi azagusobanurira ni ibihe bintu bitera urunigi kunanirwa?
Urunigi rurarambiwe kandi birananirana
Dufashe ko amavuta yo kwisiga ari meza, kandi nayo ni urunigi rushobora kwihanganira kwambara, iyo binaniwe, biterwa ahanini no kwangirika k'umunaniro. Kubera ko urunigi rufite uruhande rufunitse kandi rufunguye, imizigo ibyo bice ikorerwa iratandukanye. Iyo urunigi ruzunguruka, ruzaramburwa cyangwa rwunamye kubera imbaraga. Ibice mumurongo bizagenda buhoro buhoro kubera imbaraga zinyuranye zo hanze. Nyuma yigihe kinini, ibice bizagaragara. Bizagenda biba binini, kandi umunaniro no kuvunika birashobora kubaho. Kubwibyo, murwego rwo kubyaza umusaruro, hazafatwa ingamba zitandukanye zo kunoza imbaraga zibice, nko gukoresha imiti ivura ubushyuhe kugirango ibice bigaragare nka karubone, kandi hariho nuburyo nko kurasa.
Imbaraga zo guhuza zangiritse
Iyo ukoresheje urunigi, kubera umutwaro, ihuriro riri hagati yisahani yinyuma ninyuma ya pin, kimwe nicyapa cyimbere cyimbere hamwe nintoki bishobora kugabanuka mugihe cyo gukoresha, bigatuma umwobo wicyapa cyumunyururu wambara, uburebure bwa urunigi ruziyongera, rwerekana gutsindwa. Kuberako isahani yumunyururu izagwa nyuma yo kuzunguruka hagati yumurongo wurunigi pin irekuye, kandi urunigi rushobora no gutandukana nyuma yo hagati ya pin yo gufungura, bikaviramo kunanirwa kwumunyururu.
Urunigi runanirwa kubera kwambara no kurira mugihe cyo gukoresha
Niba ibikoresho byumunyururu byakoreshejwe atari byiza cyane, urunigi ruzananirwa kubera kwambara no kurira. Urunigi rumaze kwambarwa, uburebure buziyongera, kandi birashoboka cyane ko amenyo azasimbuka cyangwa urunigi ruzacibwa mugihe cyo gukoresha. Kwambara k'umunyururu muri rusange hagati rwagati ihuza. Niba imbere muri pin shaft hamwe nintoki yambarwa, ikinyuranyo hagati yimpeta kiziyongera, kandi uburebure bwihuza bwo hanze nabwo buziyongera. Intera yumunyururu wimbere ihuza muri rusange na generatrix kuruhande rumwe hagati yizingo. Kubera ko muri rusange bitambarwa, uburebure bwurunigi rwimbere ntibuziyongera. Niba uburebure bwurunigi bwiyongera kurwego runaka, hashobora kubaho ikibazo cyurunigi, bityo imyambarire yacyo ni ngombwa cyane mugihe itanga urunigi.
Mubyongeyeho, urunigi ruzomekwa, ruvunaguritse muburyo bukoreshwa, kandi gutangira kenshi, gufata feri nibindi bikorwa bizagira ingaruka kumikorere yabyo, bishobora gutera kunanirwa. Kugirango ugabanye ibibazo, abakora urunigi bagomba kwitonda cyane mugihe batanga ibicuruzwa kugirango barebe neza ibicuruzwa no kugabanya amahirwe yo gutsindwa.
2: Urunigi rwa roller rukoreshwa mubushyuhe bwo hejuru
Urunigi rwa roller rushoboza gukora kubona umuvuduko nicyerekezo cyuruhererekane. Imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro y'imbere ni urunigi rwoguhuza ruhuza ibice bibiri byimikorere imbere yikomatanyirizo, cyangwa ruhuza ibikorwa byerekana imikorere yimitwe yombi imbere yimikorere. Itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati yibi byombi nuko urujya n'uruza rugizwe numurongo umwe cyangwa byinshi hamwe numuyoboro woherejwe woherejwe, arirwo rugendo rwose rwuzuye hamwe nisoko yo hanze.
Gusa kumenya umuvuduko nicyerekezo cyimikorere ntigishobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye kumiterere yubuso bwakorewe imashini, kandi kubera ko imiyoboro ihererekanyabubasha yimbere ihujwe no guhuza ibice, ibice byombi bigomba kwemeza guhuza kinematike imbere kugirango bigaragaze inzira Bya i Icyerekezo. Niba igipimo cyacyo cyoherejwe ari ukuri kandi niba icyerekezo kigereranyo cyibice byombi byagenwe nukuri kizagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye imiterere yubuso bwakorewe ndetse binananirwa gukora imiterere isabwa.
Urunigi rwo guhagarika rufite ibiziga bibiri bitambitse, bishobora kugabanya neza ubushobozi bwimitwaro ya horizontal. Ibice byingenzi byayo bishingiye ku byuma 40 bya manganese kandi byakorewe ubushyuhe, bushobora kongera imbaraga zingutu zumunyururu kandi bikongerera igihe cyumurimo. Imiterere yuruhererekane irumvikana, uruziga ruyobora umusaraba rwahimbwe kandi rugizwe mugice kimwe, hamwe nigishushanyo cyihariye cya rivet. Kugirango uzamure ubushobozi bwimitwaro yumunyururu, ibiziga bitambitse kandi bihagaritse byakozwe hamwe nibisobanuro bihanitse, kandi mugihe kimwe bifite ibiranga kuyobora byoroshye, kwihanganira ubukana bukomeye, hamwe nuburemere buremereye. Cyane cyane gikwiye gukoreshwa mubidukikije bifite ubushyuhe buri hejuru.
Kubungabunga buri munsi urunigi bigabanijwe kubanza kubanza no kubungabunga kabiri. Mugihe cyo gukoresha bisanzwe umurongo wibyakozwe, kubera kwambara cyangwa guturika bisanzwe cyangwa impanuka, hamwe nibintu bitandukanye bidasanzwe mugihe cyimikorere yumurongo wibyakozwe, bigomba guhita bihagarikwa kandi bigatangazwa kugirango bisanwe mugihe kugirango birinde impanuka zikomeye. Abakozi badafite umwuga wo kubungabunga cyangwa batabiherewe uruhushya nabakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga umwuga ntibemerewe gusanwa bonyine.
Mugihe cyo gusana umuzunguruko, nibiba ngombwa, umuyobozi ushinzwe umurongo w’urunigi arashobora gusabwa guha abakozi gutegereza agasanduku k'amashanyarazi kugirango babuze abandi gufungura umurongo w’ibicuruzwa, kandi icyarimwe, bamanike ibyapa byo kuburira. Muri icyo gihe, ingufu zigomba kuzimwa kugirango zikore, kandi ibikorwa bizima ntibyemewe.
Icya gatatu: Ingero zumunyururu kugirango ugabanye ikosa ryogukwirakwiza imashini zikoreshwa
Urunigi rw'uruziga - Vuga muri make ingamba zimwe na zimwe zo kugabanya ikosa ry'urunigi rwohereza ku gikoresho cy'imashini, kandi urusheho kunoza neza imikorere n'imikorere yo gutunganya.
Urunigi rwohereza rugomba kugabanywa uko bishoboka kwose, nka sisitemu yo kohereza imashini isya urudodo ikoreshwa mu musaruro mwinshi nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira. Isimburwa ryumugore wumugore wigikoresho cyimashini hamwe nakazi ko gutunganyirizwa bihujwe murukurikirane kumurongo umwe. Ikibanza c'umugozi w'igitsina gore kingana n'ikibanza c'akazi, kandi urunigi rwohereza ni rwo rugufi, ku buryo rushobora kuboneka neza.
Mugabanye uburinganire bwa geometrike mugihe uteranya ibikoresho bitandukanye byoherejwe, kandi utezimbere inteko.
Kunoza imikorere yukuri yibintu byanyuma byuruhererekane. Muri rusange kwihuta kwihererekanyabubasha, ikosa ryibintu byanyuma bigira uruhare runini, bityo rero ukuri kwibintu byanyuma nkibikoresho byerekana inyo yerekana imashini ya hobbing hamwe ninshuro yumugore wigikoresho cyo gutunganya imashini bigomba kuba hejuru. .
Mu ruhererekane rw'itumanaho, igipimo cyo kohereza cyagenewe buri cyerekezo gishingiye ku ihame ryo kongera igipimo cyo kugabanuka. Umubare munini wo kugabanya umuvuduko wikwirakwizwa ryihererekanyabubasha ku iherezo ryuruhererekane rwohereza, niko bigenda bigabanuka ingaruka zamakosa yibindi bice bigize imiyoboro. Kubwibyo, umubare w amenyo yibikoresho byerekana inyo bigomba kuba byinshi, kandi ikibanza cyumugozi wumugore kigomba kuba kinini. , yaba yarakoresheje ikosa ryuruhererekane.
Ukoresheje igikoresho cya kalibrasi, ikintu cyibikoresho bya kalibrasi ni ukongeramo ibihangano muburyo bwambere bwogukwirakwiza, ubunini bwabwo bukaba buhwanye nikosa ryuruhererekane rwonyine ariko rutandukanye nicyerekezo, kuburyo bahagarika undi.
Kurugero, ibikoresho-bitunganijwe neza-ibikoresho byo gutunganya imashini akenshi bifite uburyo bwa Calibibasi ya Cao Yong, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, ukurikije igipimo cyamakosa yayoboye yibikorwa byakazi 1 bigomba gutunganywa, umurongo wa kalibrasi 7 kumurongo wa 5. cyarakozwe, kandi kalibrasiyo ya 5 igenwa kumashini yimashini. Iyo urudodo, umugozi wigitsina gore wigikoresho cyimashini itwara ibinyomoro 2 nibindi bikoresho byagenwe biruhuka kandi bigatwara 4 kwimuka. Muri icyo gihe, ikosa rya kalibrasi yo kugabanuka 7 ku gipimo cya kalibrasi 5 inyura kuri contact 6, kandi lever 4 ituma ibinyomoro 2 bitanga ubundi buryo bwo kwanduza, kuburyo uwatunze igikoresho abonye iyimurwa ryinyongera kugirango yishyure ikosa ryoherejwe.
Igikoresho cyo gukosora imashini gishobora gukosora gusa ikosa rihoraho ryigikoresho cyimashini. Niba ikosa ryogukwirakwiza ryigikoresho cyimashini rigomba gukosorwa, harasabwa ibikoresho byindishyi zoherejwe na mudasobwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-22-2023
